{"id":3537,"date":"2021-03-20T16:03:29","date_gmt":"2021-03-20T13:03:29","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/theworldinstamps.com\/?p=3537"},"modified":"2021-03-21T02:53:41","modified_gmt":"2021-03-20T23:53:41","slug":"leducation-au-maroc-francais-1955","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/theworldinstamps.com\/?p=3537&lang=fr","title":{"rendered":"L&#8217;enseignement au Maroc fran\u00e7ais 1955"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"3537\" class=\"elementor elementor-3537\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0382fcf elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0382fcf\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-97ffe08\" data-id=\"97ffe08\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e486fb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4e486fb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.17.0 - 08-11-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:right;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p>En 1955, les services postaux marocains \u00e9mettent une s\u00e9rie de quatre timbres sur le th\u00e8me de la campagne de solidarit\u00e9 franco-marocaine. Les timbres portaient sur l&#8217;\u00e9ducation moderne au Maroc.<\/p><h2>L&#8217;enseignement traditionnelle \u00e0 la fin du XIXe si\u00e8cle<\/h2><div><div><figure style=\"width: 331px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/theworldinstamps.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Morocco-1955-YT340.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/theworldinstamps.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Morocco-1955-YT340.png?resize=331%2C491\" alt=\"Eduaction in Morocco 1955 - 2\" width=\"331\" height=\"491\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Un \u00e9l\u00e8ve marocain. YT-340<\/figcaption><\/figure>Jusqu&#8217;au d\u00e9but du protectorat fran\u00e7ais, le Maroc comme les autres pays islamiques avait un syst\u00e8me \u00e9ducatif traditionnel ax\u00e9 sur la religion. Dans ce syst\u00e8me, les jeunes enfants apprendraient \u00e0 lire, \u00e0 \u00e9crire et \u00e0 r\u00e9citer le Coran dans <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kuttab\">une \u00e9cole traditionnelle appel\u00e9e &#8220;Msid&#8221; ou &#8220;Kuttab&#8221;<\/a>.<br \/>Les enfants qui apprennent le Coran par c\u0153ur ont eu la possibilit\u00e9 de poursuivre leurs \u00e9tudes th\u00e9ologiques dans des \u00e9tablissements d&#8217;enseignement sup\u00e9rieur d\u00e9nomm\u00e9s &#8220;Zawiya&#8221;. Des enfants plus pr\u00e9venus pourraient poursuivre leurs \u00e9tudes \u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Universit%C3%A9_Al_Quaraouiyine\">l&#8217;universit\u00e9 d&#8217;al-Qarawiyyin (\u00e9galement not\u00e9 Karaouiyine ou \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0648\u064a\u064a\u0646) \u00e0 F\u00e8s<\/a>.<\/div><\/div><h2>L&#8217;enseignement moderne au Maroc apr\u00e8s 1912<\/h2><p>\u00c0 partir de 1912, les autorit\u00e9s fran\u00e7aises du protectorat ont commenc\u00e9 \u00e0 planifier la mise en place d&#8217;un syst\u00e8me \u00e9ducatif moderne. Ce syst\u00e8me \u00e9tait destin\u00e9 \u00e0 pr\u00e9parer les futurs fonctionnaires de l&#8217;administration marocaine. Il reposait sur deux piliers majeurs: les \u00e9coles musulmanes et les coll\u00e8ges musulmans (illustr\u00e9s ci-dessous). Ils ont \u00e9t\u00e9 cr\u00e9\u00e9s par le decret royal (Dahir) du 18 f\u00e9vrier 1916 portant organisation des \u00e9coles indig\u00e8nes.<\/p><figure id=\"attachment_3511\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3511\" style=\"width: 494px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/theworldinstamps.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Morocco-1955-YT339.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/theworldinstamps.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Morocco-1955-YT339.png?resize=494%2C327\" alt=\"Eduaction in Morocco 1955 - 1\" width=\"494\" height=\"327\" data-wp-editing=\"1\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-3511\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">L&#8217;enseignent franco-musulman- YT 339<\/figcaption><\/figure><p>Une circulaire du 30 ao\u00fbt 1920 fixe le plan d&#8217;\u00e9tudes et les programmes d&#8217;\u00e9ducation des indig\u00e8nes et la cr\u00e9ation, la m\u00eame ann\u00e9e, de la direction de l&#8217;enseignement public qui supervise trois syst\u00e8mes \u00e9ducatifs: l&#8217;\u00e9ducation europ\u00e9enne, l&#8217;\u00e9ducation juive et l&#8217;\u00e9ducation musulmane.<\/p><h2>Coll\u00e8ge musulman Moulay Idriss \u00e0 F\u00e8s<\/h2><p>Le Coll\u00e8ge Moulay Idriss a \u00e9t\u00e9 cr\u00e9\u00e9 \u00e0 F\u00e8s en 1914. C&#8217;\u00e9tait l&#8217;une des deux \u00e9coles modernes \u00e9tablies sous le protectorat fran\u00e7ais par le g\u00e9n\u00e9ral Lyautey, le gouverneur fran\u00e7ais. L&#8217;autre \u00e9tait le Coll\u00e8ge Moulay Youssef de Rabat (Aujourd&#8217;hui <a href=\"https:\/\/lyceemoulayyoussef.wordpress.com\/\">lyc\u00e9e Moulay Youssef<\/a>).<\/p><p>Les deux \u00e9coles ont \u00e9t\u00e9 officiellement cr\u00e9\u00e9es par le Dahir de f\u00e9vrier 1916 sous le nom de \u00abColl\u00e8ge musulman\u00bb.<\/p><div><figure id=\"attachment_3514\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3514\" style=\"width: 325px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/theworldinstamps.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Morocco-1955-YT342.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/theworldinstamps.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Morocco-1955-YT342.png?resize=325%2C489\" alt=\"Eduaction in Morocco 1955 - 4\" width=\"325\" height=\"489\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-3514\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Middle school Moulay Idriss in Fes. YT342<\/figcaption><\/figure><div><p>Au d\u00e9but du protectorat fran\u00e7ais en 1912, <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/F%C3%A8s\">la ville de F\u00e8s<\/a> \u00e9tait la capitale du Maroc. Le Coll\u00e8ge Moulay Idriss \u00e9tait destin\u00e9 \u00e0 former les futurs agents centraux et locaux de l&#8217;administration marocaine (pachas, khalifas, agents financiers ou magistrats).<\/p><div><p>Il ouvrit ses portes en octobre 1914 et accueillait une seule classe d&#8217;une douzaine d&#8217;\u00e9tudiants issus de familles des notables de F\u00e8s.\u00a0L&#8217;enseignement \u00e9tait principalement dispens\u00e9 en arabe, le fran\u00e7ais \u00e9tant enseign\u00e9 en deuxi\u00e8me langue.<\/p><figure id=\"attachment_3523\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3523\" style=\"width: 236px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/theworldinstamps.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/college-Moulay-Idriss-Fes-3.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/theworldinstamps.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/college-Moulay-Idriss-Fes-3-212x300.jpg?resize=236%2C332\" alt=\"Mohammed V lay the foundation stone of the student housing in 1940.\" width=\"236\" height=\"332\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-3523\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Le sultan Mohammed V et le prince Moulay Al-Hassan posent la premi\u00e8re pierre de l&#8217;internat du college Moulay Idriss en 1940 (voir source ci-dessous *).<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure id=\"attachment_3524\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3524\" style=\"width: 321px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/theworldinstamps.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/college-Moulay-Idriss-Fes-5.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/theworldinstamps.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/college-Moulay-Idriss-Fes-5-300x214.jpg?resize=321%2C229\" alt=\"College Moulay Idriss in Fez.\" width=\"321\" height=\"229\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-3524\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Entr\u00e9e du coll\u00e8ge Moulay Idriss \u00e0 F\u00e8s. Clich\u00e9 H. Bressolette. Ann\u00e9es 1930.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><\/div><\/div><p>Les \u00e9tudiants ont \u00e9galement suivi des cours de droit et de th\u00e9ologie \u00e0 <a style=\"background-color: #ffffff;\" href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Universit%C3%A9_Al_Quaraouiyine\">l&#8217;universit\u00e9 d&#8217;al-Qarawiyyin (\u00e9galement not\u00e9e Karaouiyine ou \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0648\u064a\u064a\u0646)<\/a>, l\u0634 plus ancienne universit\u00e9 au monde selon l&#8217;UNESCO.<\/p><p>Le coll\u00e8ge ne disposait pas d&#8217;internat et donc n&#8217;acceptait que les \u00e9tudiants r\u00e9sidant \u00e0 F\u00e8s. En 1940, <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mohammed_V_(roi_du_Maroc)\">le sultan Mohamad V<\/a> et son prince h\u00e9ritier Moualy Al-Hassan (<a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hassan_II\">futur roi Hassan II du Maroc<\/a>) ont pos\u00e9 la premi\u00e8re pierre d&#8217;un internat pour les \u00e9tudiants, qui pouvait accueillir 50 \u00e9tudiants. L&#8217;internat a accueilli les premiers r\u00e9sidents en 1942.<\/p><p>Jusqu&#8217;au d\u00e9but des ann\u00e9es 1930, le coll\u00e8ge comptait moins de 50 \u00e9tudiants, mais le nombre a continu\u00e9 de cro\u00eetre chaque ann\u00e9e pour atteindre 520 \u00e9tudiants en 1950. Le coll\u00e8ge est devenu le &#8220;<a href=\"http:\/\/lycee-moulay-driss.blogspot.com\/\">Lyc\u00e9e Moulay Idriss<\/a>&#8221; et re\u00e7oit toujours des \u00e9l\u00e8ves.<\/p><h2>\u00c9cole musulmane du Camp Boulhaut:<\/h2><p>La ville du camp Boulhaut a d&#8217;abord \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9tablie en tant que camp militaire fran\u00e7ais en 1907 lors de <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Campagne_du_Maroc\">la campagne du Maroc ou de la conqu\u00eate militaire du Maroc<\/a>. La premi\u00e8re zone urbaine a \u00e9t\u00e9 con\u00e7ue comme une zone r\u00e9sidentielle d&#8217;officiers de l&#8217;arm\u00e9e.<\/p><figure id=\"attachment_3513\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3513\" style=\"width: 495px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/theworldinstamps.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Morocco-1955-YT341.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/theworldinstamps.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Morocco-1955-YT341.png?resize=495%2C325\" alt=\"Eduaction in Morocco 1955 - 3\" width=\"495\" height=\"325\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-3513\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ecole \u00e0 Camp-Boulhaut &#8211; Ben Slimane &#8211; YT 341<\/figcaption><\/figure><div><p>La partie urbaine du camp s&#8217;est d\u00e9velopp\u00e9e vers la ville de Bouznika et progressivement pour devenir une petite ville \u00e0 forte population marocaine. Les timbres ci-dessus pr\u00e9sentent une &#8220;\u00e9cole musulmane&#8221; \u00e9tablie par les autorit\u00e9s d&#8217;occupation pour la population locale.<\/p><p>Le Camp Boulhaut est aujourd&#8217;hui la ville marocaine du nom de <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Benslimane\">Benslimane<\/a>. Il est situ\u00e9 \u00e0 environ 60 km au sud-est de Rabat et \u00e0 60 km au nord-est de Casablanca. Il porte le nom de \u00abSidi Muhammad bin Suleiman\u00bb, dont la tombe est situ\u00e9e \u00e0 un kilom\u00e8tre au sud-ouest du centre-ville.<\/p><p>Benslimane comptait 58 194 habitants en 2014. C&#8217;est la capitale d&#8217;une province du m\u00eame nom.<\/p><p>R\u00e9f\u00e9rence: Catalogue Yvert &amp; Tellier: Timbres 339 \u00e0 3342<\/p><\/div><div><p>(*) source: <a href=\"http:\/\/rol-benzaken.centerblog.net\/15683-coll-ge-moulay-idriss-a-fes-mai-1940\">blog de <strong><em>Roland Benzaken<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0<\/a><\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Une s\u00e9rie de quatre timbres du Maroc \u00e9mis en 1955, pendant l&#8217;occupation fran\u00e7aise sous le th\u00e8me de l&#8217;enseignement au Maroc fran\u00e7ais 1955.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3519,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":true,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[264,298],"tags":[697,694,209,695,696],"class_list":["post-3537","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-france-fr","category-morocco-fr","tag-eleves","tag-enseignement","tag-maroc","tag-occupation","tag-protectorat"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>L&#039;enseignement au Maroc fran\u00e7ais 1955 : The World In Stamps<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Une s\u00e9rie de quatre timbres du 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